Glossary and Vocabulary for Zong Jing Lu 宗鏡錄, Scroll 10

Corpus Vocabulary Analysis

Contents

  1. Frequencies of Lexical Words
  2. Frequencies of all Words
  3. Keywords
  4. Proper Nouns

Frequencies of Lexical Words

Rank Frequency Chinese Pinyin English Example Usage
1 103 jìng mirror 若兩鏡相入
2 103 jìng lens 若兩鏡相入
3 103 jìng glass 若兩鏡相入
4 103 jìng glasses 若兩鏡相入
5 103 jìng to reflect 若兩鏡相入
6 103 jìng Jing 若兩鏡相入
7 103 jìng to examine 若兩鏡相入
8 103 jìng to admonish 若兩鏡相入
9 103 jìng mirror; ādarśa 若兩鏡相入
10 96 one 一是法爾
11 96 Kangxi radical 1 一是法爾
12 96 pure; concentrated 一是法爾
13 96 first 一是法爾
14 96 the same 一是法爾
15 96 sole; single 一是法爾
16 96 a very small amount 一是法爾
17 96 Yi 一是法爾
18 96 other 一是法爾
19 96 to unify 一是法爾
20 96 accidentally; coincidentally 一是法爾
21 96 abruptly; suddenly 一是法爾
22 96 one; eka 一是法爾
23 87 zhōng middle 多中無一性
24 87 zhōng medium; medium sized 多中無一性
25 87 zhōng China 多中無一性
26 87 zhòng to hit the mark 多中無一性
27 87 zhōng midday 多中無一性
28 87 zhōng inside 多中無一性
29 87 zhōng during 多中無一性
30 87 zhōng Zhong 多中無一性
31 87 zhōng intermediary 多中無一性
32 87 zhōng half 多中無一性
33 87 zhòng to reach; to attain 多中無一性
34 87 zhòng to suffer; to infect 多中無一性
35 87 zhòng to obtain 多中無一性
36 87 zhòng to pass an exam 多中無一性
37 87 zhōng middle 多中無一性
38 82 infix potential marker 不壞自
39 81 zhě ca 孤標獨立者
40 74 xiàn to appear; to manifest; to become visible 自業感現
41 74 xiàn at present 自業感現
42 74 xiàn existing at the present time 自業感現
43 74 xiàn cash 自業感現
44 74 xiàn to manifest; prādur 自業感現
45 74 xiàn to manifest; prādur 自業感現
46 74 xiàn the present time 自業感現
47 72 zhī to go 如何是自在出生無礙之力
48 72 zhī to arrive; to go 如何是自在出生無礙之力
49 72 zhī is 如何是自在出生無礙之力
50 72 zhī to use 如何是自在出生無礙之力
51 72 zhī Zhi 如何是自在出生無礙之力
52 72 zhī winding 如何是自在出生無礙之力
53 72 yún cloud 又華嚴疏釋云
54 72 yún Yunnan 又華嚴疏釋云
55 72 yún Yun 又華嚴疏釋云
56 72 yún to say 又華嚴疏釋云
57 72 yún to have 又華嚴疏釋云
58 72 yún cloud; megha 又華嚴疏釋云
59 72 yún to say; iti 又華嚴疏釋云
60 60 一切 yīqiè temporary 是故彼一切
61 60 一切 yīqiè the same 是故彼一切
62 59 Kangxi radical 71 十無作真心
63 59 to not have; without 十無作真心
64 59 mo 十無作真心
65 59 to not have 十無作真心
66 59 Wu 十無作真心
67 59 mo 十無作真心
68 58 to use; to grasp 以有力
69 58 to rely on 以有力
70 58 to regard 以有力
71 58 to be able to 以有力
72 58 to order; to command 以有力
73 58 used after a verb 以有力
74 58 a reason; a cause 以有力
75 58 Israel 以有力
76 58 Yi 以有力
77 58 use; yogena 以有力
78 57 to be near by; to be close to 三即眾
79 57 at that time 三即眾
80 57 to be exactly the same as; to be thus 三即眾
81 57 supposed; so-called 三即眾
82 57 to arrive at; to ascend 三即眾
83 45 wéi to act as; to serve 互為本末
84 45 wéi to change into; to become 互為本末
85 45 wéi to be; is 互為本末
86 45 wéi to do 互為本末
87 45 wèi to support; to help 互為本末
88 45 wéi to govern 互為本末
89 45 wèi to be; bhū 互為本末
90 44 meaning; sense 總有十義
91 44 justice; right action; righteousness 總有十義
92 44 artificial; man-made; fake 總有十義
93 44 chivalry; generosity 總有十義
94 44 just; righteous 總有十義
95 44 adopted 總有十義
96 44 a relationship 總有十義
97 44 volunteer 總有十義
98 44 something suitable 總有十義
99 44 a martyr 總有十義
100 44 a law 總有十義
101 44 Yi 總有十義
102 44 Righteousness 總有十義
103 44 aim; artha 總有十義
104 44 duō over; indicates a number greater than the number preceding it 一多相持
105 44 duó many; much 一多相持
106 44 duō more 一多相持
107 44 duō excessive 一多相持
108 44 duō abundant 一多相持
109 44 duō to multiply; to acrue 一多相持
110 44 duō Duo 一多相持
111 44 duō ta 一多相持
112 43 suǒ a few; various; some 所現力
113 43 suǒ a place; a location 所現力
114 43 suǒ indicates a passive voice 所現力
115 43 suǒ an ordinal number 所現力
116 43 suǒ meaning 所現力
117 43 suǒ garrison 所現力
118 43 suǒ place; pradeśa 所現力
119 40 néng can; able 能遍
120 40 néng ability; capacity 能遍
121 40 néng a mythical bear-like beast 能遍
122 40 néng energy 能遍
123 40 néng function; use 能遍
124 40 néng talent 能遍
125 40 néng expert at 能遍
126 40 néng to be in harmony 能遍
127 40 néng to tend to; to care for 能遍
128 40 néng to reach; to arrive at 能遍
129 40 néng to be able; śak 能遍
130 40 néng skilful; pravīṇa 能遍
131 40 fēi Kangxi radical 175 不可言非一非非一
132 40 fēi wrong; bad; untruthful 不可言非一非非一
133 40 fēi different 不可言非一非非一
134 40 fēi to not be; to not have 不可言非一非非一
135 40 fēi to violate; to be contrary to 不可言非一非非一
136 40 fēi Africa 不可言非一非非一
137 40 fēi to slander 不可言非一非非一
138 40 fěi to avoid 不可言非一非非一
139 40 fēi must 不可言非一非非一
140 40 fēi an error 不可言非一非非一
141 40 fēi a problem; a question 不可言非一非非一
142 40 fēi evil 不可言非一非非一
143 40 ér Kangxi radical 126 即多而唯多
144 40 ér as if; to seem like 即多而唯多
145 40 néng can; able 即多而唯多
146 40 ér whiskers on the cheeks; sideburns 即多而唯多
147 40 ér to arrive; up to 即多而唯多
148 36 jìng clean 得能淨一切行
149 36 jìng no surplus; net 得能淨一切行
150 36 jìng pure 得能淨一切行
151 36 jìng tranquil 得能淨一切行
152 36 jìng cold 得能淨一切行
153 36 jìng to wash; to clense 得能淨一切行
154 36 jìng role of hero 得能淨一切行
155 36 jìng to remove sexual desire 得能淨一切行
156 36 jìng bright and clean; luminous 得能淨一切行
157 36 jìng clean; pure 得能淨一切行
158 36 jìng cleanse 得能淨一切行
159 36 jìng cleanse 得能淨一切行
160 36 jìng Pure 得能淨一切行
161 36 jìng vyavadāna; purification; cleansing 得能淨一切行
162 36 jìng śuddha; cleansed; clean; pure 得能淨一切行
163 36 jìng viśuddhi; purity 得能淨一切行
164 35 to go; to 於行住坐臥
165 35 to rely on; to depend on 於行住坐臥
166 35 Yu 於行住坐臥
167 35 a crow 於行住坐臥
168 35 to enter 以異體相入
169 35 Kangxi radical 11 以異體相入
170 35 radical 以異體相入
171 35 income 以異體相入
172 35 to conform with 以異體相入
173 35 to descend 以異體相入
174 35 the entering tone 以異體相入
175 35 to pay 以異體相入
176 35 to join 以異體相入
177 35 entering; praveśa 以異體相入
178 35 entered; attained; āpanna 以異體相入
179 35 method; way 八如幻法生力
180 35 France 八如幻法生力
181 35 the law; rules; regulations 八如幻法生力
182 35 the teachings of the Buddha; Dharma 八如幻法生力
183 35 a standard; a norm 八如幻法生力
184 35 an institution 八如幻法生力
185 35 to emulate 八如幻法生力
186 35 magic; a magic trick 八如幻法生力
187 35 punishment 八如幻法生力
188 35 Fa 八如幻法生力
189 35 a precedent 八如幻法生力
190 35 a classification of some kinds of Han texts 八如幻法生力
191 35 relating to a ceremony or rite 八如幻法生力
192 35 Dharma 八如幻法生力
193 35 the teachings of the Buddha; Dharma; Dhárma 八如幻法生力
194 35 a dharma; a dhárma; a natural law; teachings 八如幻法生力
195 35 a mental object; a phenomenon; dharma; a thought 八如幻法生力
196 35 quality; characteristic 八如幻法生力
197 34 xiàng to observe; to assess 各相資無礙故
198 34 xiàng appearance; portrait; picture 各相資無礙故
199 34 xiàng countenance; personage; character; disposition 各相資無礙故
200 34 xiàng to aid; to help 各相資無礙故
201 34 xiāng a chancellor; a prime minister; a high minister 各相資無礙故
202 34 xiàng a sign; a mark; appearance 各相資無礙故
203 34 xiāng alternately; in turn 各相資無礙故
204 34 xiāng Xiang 各相資無礙故
205 34 xiāng form substance 各相資無礙故
206 34 xiāng to express 各相資無礙故
207 34 xiàng to choose 各相資無礙故
208 34 xiāng Xiang 各相資無礙故
209 34 xiāng an ancient musical instrument 各相資無礙故
210 34 xiāng the seventh lunar month 各相資無礙故
211 34 xiāng to compare 各相資無礙故
212 34 xiàng to divine 各相資無礙故
213 34 xiàng to administer 各相資無礙故
214 34 xiàng helper for a blind person 各相資無礙故
215 34 xiāng rhythm [music] 各相資無礙故
216 34 xiāng the upper frets of a pipa 各相資無礙故
217 34 xiāng coralwood 各相資無礙故
218 34 xiàng ministry 各相資無礙故
219 34 xiàng to supplement; to enhance 各相資無礙故
220 34 xiàng lakṣaṇa; quality; characteristic 各相資無礙故
221 34 xiàng a sign; a mark; appearance; nimitta; rūpa 各相資無礙故
222 34 xiàng sign; mark; liṅga 各相資無礙故
223 34 xiàng a perception; cognition; conceptualization; a notion 各相資無礙故
224 34 wèi to call 謂大法界中緣起法海
225 34 wèi to discuss; to comment on; to speak of; to tell about 謂大法界中緣起法海
226 34 wèi to speak to; to address 謂大法界中緣起法海
227 34 wèi to treat as; to regard as 謂大法界中緣起法海
228 34 wèi introducing a condition situation 謂大法界中緣起法海
229 34 wèi to speak to; to address 謂大法界中緣起法海
230 34 wèi to think 謂大法界中緣起法海
231 34 wèi for; is to be 謂大法界中緣起法海
232 34 wèi to make; to cause 謂大法界中緣起法海
233 34 wèi principle; reason 謂大法界中緣起法海
234 34 wèi Wei 謂大法界中緣起法海
235 34 yòu Kangxi radical 29 又總具十力
236 32 Yi 一亦無有多
237 31 zhào to illuminate; to shine 光明顯照
238 31 zhào to photograph 光明顯照
239 31 zhào to reflect 光明顯照
240 31 zhào a photograph; an image 光明顯照
241 31 zhào to take care of; to look after 光明顯照
242 31 zhào to contrast; to compare 光明顯照
243 31 zhào a permit; a license 光明顯照
244 31 zhào to understand 光明顯照
245 31 zhào to inform; to notify 光明顯照
246 31 zhào a ray of light 光明顯照
247 31 zhào to inspect 光明顯照
248 31 zhào sunlight 光明顯照
249 31 zhào shine; jval 光明顯照
250 30 xīn heart [organ] 心將緣而慮息
251 30 xīn Kangxi radical 61 心將緣而慮息
252 30 xīn mind; consciousness 心將緣而慮息
253 30 xīn the center; the core; the middle 心將緣而慮息
254 30 xīn one of the 28 star constellations 心將緣而慮息
255 30 xīn heart 心將緣而慮息
256 30 xīn emotion 心將緣而慮息
257 30 xīn intention; consideration 心將緣而慮息
258 30 xīn disposition; temperament 心將緣而慮息
259 30 xīn citta; thinking; thought; mind; mentality 心將緣而慮息
260 30 xīn heart; hṛdaya 心將緣而慮息
261 30 xīn Rohiṇī; Jyesthā 心將緣而慮息
262 30 to know; to learn about; to comprehend 悉為心感
263 30 detailed 悉為心感
264 30 to elaborate; to expound 悉為心感
265 30 to exhaust; to use up 悉為心感
266 30 strongly 悉為心感
267 30 Xi 悉為心感
268 30 all; kṛtsna 悉為心感
269 29 a criteria; a norm; a standard; a rule; a law 則要有差別方能遍
270 29 a grade; a level 則要有差別方能遍
271 29 an example; a model 則要有差別方能遍
272 29 a weighing device 則要有差別方能遍
273 29 to grade; to rank 則要有差別方能遍
274 29 to copy; to imitate; to follow 則要有差別方能遍
275 29 to do 則要有差別方能遍
276 29 koan; kōan; gong'an 則要有差別方能遍
277 29 zhì wisdom; knowledge; understanding 智用自在
278 29 zhì care; prudence 智用自在
279 29 zhì Zhi 智用自在
280 29 zhì spiritual insight; gnosis 智用自在
281 29 zhì clever 智用自在
282 29 zhì Wisdom 智用自在
283 29 zhì jnana; knowing 智用自在
284 27 yán to speak; to say; said
285 27 yán language; talk; words; utterance; speech
286 27 yán Kangxi radical 149
287 27 yán phrase; sentence
288 27 yán a word; a syllable
289 27 yán a theory; a doctrine
290 27 yán to regard as
291 27 yán to act as
292 27 yán word; vacana
293 27 yán speak; vad
294 27 sān three 三即眾
295 27 sān third 三即眾
296 27 sān more than two 三即眾
297 27 sān very few 三即眾
298 27 sān San 三即眾
299 27 sān three; tri 三即眾
300 27 sān sa 三即眾
301 27 sān three kinds; trividha 三即眾
302 27 lùn to comment; to discuss 以論總別
303 27 lùn a theory; a doctrine 以論總別
304 27 lùn to evaluate 以論總別
305 27 lùn opinion; speech; statement 以論總別
306 27 lùn to convict 以論總別
307 27 lùn to edit; to compile 以論總別
308 27 lùn a treatise; sastra 以論總別
309 27 lùn discussion 以論總別
310 27 xìng gender 以無體性
311 27 xìng nature; disposition 以無體性
312 27 xìng grammatical gender 以無體性
313 27 xìng a property; a quality 以無體性
314 27 xìng life; destiny 以無體性
315 27 xìng sexual desire 以無體性
316 27 xìng scope 以無體性
317 27 xìng nature 以無體性
318 26 zhī to know 法法不相知
319 26 zhī to comprehend 法法不相知
320 26 zhī to inform; to tell 法法不相知
321 26 zhī to administer 法法不相知
322 26 zhī to distinguish; to discern; to recognize 法法不相知
323 26 zhī to be close friends 法法不相知
324 26 zhī to feel; to sense; to perceive 法法不相知
325 26 zhī to receive; to entertain 法法不相知
326 26 zhī knowledge 法法不相知
327 26 zhī consciousness; perception 法法不相知
328 26 zhī a close friend 法法不相知
329 26 zhì wisdom 法法不相知
330 26 zhì Zhi 法法不相知
331 26 zhī to appreciate 法法不相知
332 26 zhī to make known 法法不相知
333 26 zhī to have control over 法法不相知
334 26 zhī to expect; to foresee 法法不相知
335 26 zhī Understanding 法法不相知
336 26 zhī know; jña 法法不相知
337 26 yuán won; yuan 約一心圓別之理
338 26 yuán a circle 約一心圓別之理
339 26 yuán circlar; round 約一心圓別之理
340 26 yuán to justify 約一心圓別之理
341 26 yuán satisfactory 約一心圓別之理
342 26 yuán circumference 約一心圓別之理
343 26 yuán spherical; ball-shaped 約一心圓別之理
344 26 yuán to complete 約一心圓別之理
345 26 yuán a round coin 約一心圓別之理
346 26 yuán Yuan 約一心圓別之理
347 26 yuán ample 約一心圓別之理
348 26 yuán heaven 約一心圓別之理
349 26 yuán to completely draw a bow 約一心圓別之理
350 26 yuán Perfect 約一心圓別之理
351 26 yuán round; parimaṇḍalam 約一心圓別之理
352 26 yuán circular; parimaṇḍala 約一心圓別之理
353 26 yuán perfect; paripūrṇa 約一心圓別之理
354 26 biàn all; complete 圓別遍理
355 26 biàn to be covered with 圓別遍理
356 26 biàn everywhere; sarva 圓別遍理
357 26 biàn pervade; visva 圓別遍理
358 26 biàn everywhere fragrant; paricitra 圓別遍理
359 26 biàn everywhere; spharaṇa 圓別遍理
360 26 ya 即前二俱捨也
361 25 èr two 二由諸佛菩薩行願
362 25 èr Kangxi radical 7 二由諸佛菩薩行願
363 25 èr second 二由諸佛菩薩行願
364 25 èr twice; double; di- 二由諸佛菩薩行願
365 25 èr more than one kind 二由諸佛菩薩行願
366 25 èr two; dvā; dvi 二由諸佛菩薩行願
367 25 èr both; dvaya 二由諸佛菩薩行願
368 25 如是 rúshì of such a form; evaṃrūpa 一法如是力
369 25 清淨 qīngjìng peaceful; quiet; tranquil; pure 起一念清淨信者
370 25 清淨 qīngjìng peaceful; quiet; tranquil 起一念清淨信者
371 25 清淨 qīngjìng concise 起一念清淨信者
372 25 清淨 qīngjìng simple and clear; concise 起一念清淨信者
373 25 清淨 qīngjìng pure and clean 起一念清淨信者
374 25 清淨 qīngjìng purity 起一念清淨信者
375 25 清淨 qīngjìng pure; cleansed; purified of defiling illusion; visuddhi 起一念清淨信者
376 23 to leave; to depart; to go away; to part 十究竟離
377 23 a mythical bird 十究竟離
378 23 li; one of the eight divinatory trigrams 十究竟離
379 23 a band or kerchief worn when a woman left home to be married 十究竟離
380 23 chī a dragon with horns not yet grown 十究竟離
381 23 a mountain ash 十究竟離
382 23 vanilla; a vanilla-like herb 十究竟離
383 23 to be scattered; to be separated 十究竟離
384 23 to cut off 十究竟離
385 23 to violate; to be contrary to 十究竟離
386 23 to be distant from 十究竟離
387 23 two 十究竟離
388 23 to array; to align 十究竟離
389 23 to pass through; to experience 十究竟離
390 23 transcendence 十究竟離
391 23 to avoid; to abstain from; viramaṇa 十究竟離
392 22 děng et cetera; and so on 染淨等法無不皆然
393 22 děng to wait 染淨等法無不皆然
394 22 děng to be equal 染淨等法無不皆然
395 22 děng degree; level 染淨等法無不皆然
396 22 děng to compare 染淨等法無不皆然
397 22 děng same; equal; sama 染淨等法無不皆然
398 21 shí time; a point or period of time
399 21 shí a season; a quarter of a year
400 21 shí one of the 12 two-hour periods of the day
401 21 shí fashionable
402 21 shí fate; destiny; luck
403 21 shí occasion; opportunity; chance
404 21 shí tense
405 21 shí particular; special
406 21 shí to plant; to cultivate
407 21 shí an era; a dynasty
408 21 shí time [abstract]
409 21 shí seasonal
410 21 shí to wait upon
411 21 shí hour
412 21 shí appropriate; proper; timely
413 21 shí Shi
414 21 shí a present; currentlt
415 21 shí time; kāla
416 21 shí at that time; samaya
417 21 reason; logic; truth 約一心圓別之理
418 21 to manage 約一心圓別之理
419 21 to pay attention to; to take notice of; to regard others with a certain attitude 約一心圓別之理
420 21 to work jade; to remove jade from ore 約一心圓別之理
421 21 a natural science 約一心圓別之理
422 21 law; principle; theory; inner principle or structure 約一心圓別之理
423 21 to acknowledge; to respond; to answer 約一心圓別之理
424 21 a judge 約一心圓別之理
425 21 li; moral principle 約一心圓別之理
426 21 to tidy up; to put in order 約一心圓別之理
427 21 grain; texture 約一心圓別之理
428 21 reason; logic; truth 約一心圓別之理
429 21 principle; naya 約一心圓別之理
430 21 Qi 存其計故
431 20 shì matter; thing; item 謂若唯約事
432 20 shì to serve 謂若唯約事
433 20 shì a government post 謂若唯約事
434 20 shì duty; post; work 謂若唯約事
435 20 shì occupation 謂若唯約事
436 20 shì cause; undertaking; enterprise; achievment 謂若唯約事
437 20 shì an accident 謂若唯約事
438 20 shì to attend 謂若唯約事
439 20 shì an allusion 謂若唯約事
440 20 shì a condition; a state; a situation 謂若唯約事
441 20 shì to engage in 謂若唯約事
442 20 shì to enslave 謂若唯約事
443 20 shì to pursue 謂若唯約事
444 20 shì to administer 謂若唯約事
445 20 shì to appoint 謂若唯約事
446 20 shì thing; phenomena 謂若唯約事
447 20 shì actions; karma 謂若唯約事
448 20 名為 míngwèi to be called 名為
449 20 本覺 běnjué original enlightenment; intrinsic enlightenment; inherent enlightenment 性淨本覺
450 20 bié other 約一心圓別之理
451 20 bié special 約一心圓別之理
452 20 bié to leave 約一心圓別之理
453 20 bié to distinguish 約一心圓別之理
454 20 bié to pin 約一心圓別之理
455 20 bié to insert; to jam 約一心圓別之理
456 20 bié to turn 約一心圓別之理
457 20 bié Bie 約一心圓別之理
458 20 不可說 bù kě shuō inexplicable 經過不可說不可說世界故
459 20 不可說 bù kě shuō cannot be described 經過不可說不可說世界故
460 19 a human or animal body 舉體
461 19 form; style 舉體
462 19 a substance 舉體
463 19 a system 舉體
464 19 a font 舉體
465 19 grammatical aspect (of a verb) 舉體
466 19 to experience; to realize 舉體
467 19 ti 舉體
468 19 limbs of a human or animal body 舉體
469 19 to put oneself in another's shoes 舉體
470 19 a genre of writing 舉體
471 19 body; śarīra 舉體
472 19 śarīra; human body 舉體
473 19 ti; essence 舉體
474 19 entity; a constituent; an element 舉體
475 19 míng fame; renown; reputation 東名非
476 19 míng a name; personal name; designation 東名非
477 19 míng rank; position 東名非
478 19 míng an excuse 東名非
479 19 míng life 東名非
480 19 míng to name; to call 東名非
481 19 míng to express; to describe 東名非
482 19 míng to be called; to have the name 東名非
483 19 míng to own; to possess 東名非
484 19 míng famous; renowned 東名非
485 19 míng moral 東名非
486 19 míng name; naman 東名非
487 19 míng fame; renown; yasas 東名非
488 19 遠離 yuǎnlí to be removed from; to be far away from 遠離一切心境界相
489 19 遠離 yuǎnlí to be detached; to be aloof 遠離一切心境界相
490 19 遠離 yuǎnlí to far off 遠離一切心境界相
491 19 遠離 yuǎnlí to avoid; to abstain from; viramaṇa 遠離一切心境界相
492 19 遠離 yuǎnlí detached; vivikta 遠離一切心境界相
493 19 yīn cause; reason 因一有多
494 19 yīn to accord with 因一有多
495 19 yīn to follow 因一有多
496 19 yīn to rely on 因一有多
497 19 yīn via; through 因一有多
498 19 yīn to continue 因一有多
499 19 yīn to receive 因一有多
500 19 yīn to continue the same pattern; to imitate an existing model; to adapt 因一有多

Frequencies of all Words

Top 1150

Rank Frequency Chinese Pinyin English Usage
1 197 purposely; intentionally; deliberately; knowingly 故獨立為主
2 197 old; ancient; former; past 故獨立為主
3 197 reason; cause; purpose 故獨立為主
4 197 to die 故獨立為主
5 197 so; therefore; hence 故獨立為主
6 197 original 故獨立為主
7 197 accident; happening; instance 故獨立為主
8 197 a friend; an acquaintance; friendship 故獨立為主
9 197 something in the past 故獨立為主
10 197 deceased; dead 故獨立為主
11 197 still; yet 故獨立為主
12 197 therefore; tasmāt 故獨立為主
13 103 jìng mirror 若兩鏡相入
14 103 jìng lens 若兩鏡相入
15 103 jìng glass 若兩鏡相入
16 103 jìng glasses 若兩鏡相入
17 103 jìng to reflect 若兩鏡相入
18 103 jìng Jing 若兩鏡相入
19 103 jìng to examine 若兩鏡相入
20 103 jìng to admonish 若兩鏡相入
21 103 jìng mirror; ādarśa 若兩鏡相入
22 96 one 一是法爾
23 96 Kangxi radical 1 一是法爾
24 96 as soon as; all at once 一是法爾
25 96 pure; concentrated 一是法爾
26 96 whole; all 一是法爾
27 96 first 一是法爾
28 96 the same 一是法爾
29 96 each 一是法爾
30 96 certain 一是法爾
31 96 throughout 一是法爾
32 96 used in between a reduplicated verb 一是法爾
33 96 sole; single 一是法爾
34 96 a very small amount 一是法爾
35 96 Yi 一是法爾
36 96 other 一是法爾
37 96 to unify 一是法爾
38 96 accidentally; coincidentally 一是法爾
39 96 abruptly; suddenly 一是法爾
40 96 or 一是法爾
41 96 one; eka 一是法爾
42 87 zhōng middle 多中無一性
43 87 zhōng medium; medium sized 多中無一性
44 87 zhōng China 多中無一性
45 87 zhòng to hit the mark 多中無一性
46 87 zhōng in; amongst 多中無一性
47 87 zhōng midday 多中無一性
48 87 zhōng inside 多中無一性
49 87 zhōng during 多中無一性
50 87 zhōng Zhong 多中無一性
51 87 zhōng intermediary 多中無一性
52 87 zhōng half 多中無一性
53 87 zhōng just right; suitably 多中無一性
54 87 zhōng while 多中無一性
55 87 zhòng to reach; to attain 多中無一性
56 87 zhòng to suffer; to infect 多中無一性
57 87 zhòng to obtain 多中無一性
58 87 zhòng to pass an exam 多中無一性
59 87 zhōng middle 多中無一性
60 82 not; no 不壞自
61 82 expresses that a certain condition cannot be acheived 不壞自
62 82 as a correlative 不壞自
63 82 no (answering a question) 不壞自
64 82 forms a negative adjective from a noun 不壞自
65 82 at the end of a sentence to form a question 不壞自
66 82 to form a yes or no question 不壞自
67 82 infix potential marker 不壞自
68 82 no; na 不壞自
69 81 zhě used after a verb to indicate a person who does the action 孤標獨立者
70 81 zhě that 孤標獨立者
71 81 zhě nominalizing function word 孤標獨立者
72 81 zhě used to mark a definition 孤標獨立者
73 81 zhě used to mark a pause 孤標獨立者
74 81 zhě topic marker; that; it 孤標獨立者
75 81 zhuó according to 孤標獨立者
76 81 zhě ca 孤標獨立者
77 79 such as; for example; for instance 八如幻法生力
78 79 if 八如幻法生力
79 79 in accordance with 八如幻法生力
80 79 to be appropriate; should; with regard to 八如幻法生力
81 79 this 八如幻法生力
82 79 it is so; it is thus; can be compared with 八如幻法生力
83 79 to go to 八如幻法生力
84 79 to meet 八如幻法生力
85 79 to appear; to seem; to be like 八如幻法生力
86 79 at least as good as 八如幻法生力
87 79 and 八如幻法生力
88 79 or 八如幻法生力
89 79 but 八如幻法生力
90 79 then 八如幻法生力
91 79 naturally 八如幻法生力
92 79 expresses a question or doubt 八如幻法生力
93 79 you 八如幻法生力
94 79 the second lunar month 八如幻法生力
95 79 in; at 八如幻法生力
96 79 Ru 八如幻法生力
97 79 Thus 八如幻法生力
98 79 thus; tathā 八如幻法生力
99 79 like; iva 八如幻法生力
100 79 suchness; tathatā 八如幻法生力
101 74 xiàn to appear; to manifest; to become visible 自業感現
102 74 xiàn then; at that time; while 自業感現
103 74 xiàn at present 自業感現
104 74 xiàn existing at the present time 自業感現
105 74 xiàn cash 自業感現
106 74 xiàn to manifest; prādur 自業感現
107 74 xiàn to manifest; prādur 自業感現
108 74 xiàn the present time 自業感現
109 72 zhī him; her; them; that 如何是自在出生無礙之力
110 72 zhī used between a modifier and a word to form a word group 如何是自在出生無礙之力
111 72 zhī to go 如何是自在出生無礙之力
112 72 zhī this; that 如何是自在出生無礙之力
113 72 zhī genetive marker 如何是自在出生無礙之力
114 72 zhī it 如何是自在出生無礙之力
115 72 zhī in; in regards to 如何是自在出生無礙之力
116 72 zhī all 如何是自在出生無礙之力
117 72 zhī and 如何是自在出生無礙之力
118 72 zhī however 如何是自在出生無礙之力
119 72 zhī if 如何是自在出生無礙之力
120 72 zhī then 如何是自在出生無礙之力
121 72 zhī to arrive; to go 如何是自在出生無礙之力
122 72 zhī is 如何是自在出生無礙之力
123 72 zhī to use 如何是自在出生無礙之力
124 72 zhī Zhi 如何是自在出生無礙之力
125 72 zhī winding 如何是自在出生無礙之力
126 72 yún cloud 又華嚴疏釋云
127 72 yún Yunnan 又華嚴疏釋云
128 72 yún Yun 又華嚴疏釋云
129 72 yún to say 又華嚴疏釋云
130 72 yún to have 又華嚴疏釋云
131 72 yún a particle with no meaning 又華嚴疏釋云
132 72 yún in this way 又華嚴疏釋云
133 72 yún cloud; megha 又華嚴疏釋云
134 72 yún to say; iti 又華嚴疏釋云
135 60 一切 yīqiè all; every; everything 是故彼一切
136 60 一切 yīqiè temporary 是故彼一切
137 60 一切 yīqiè the same 是故彼一切
138 60 一切 yīqiè generally 是故彼一切
139 60 一切 yīqiè all, everything 是故彼一切
140 60 一切 yīqiè all; sarva 是故彼一切
141 60 yǒu is; are; to exist 多有一
142 60 yǒu to have; to possess 多有一
143 60 yǒu indicates an estimate 多有一
144 60 yǒu indicates a large quantity 多有一
145 60 yǒu indicates an affirmative response 多有一
146 60 yǒu a certain; used before a person, time, or place 多有一
147 60 yǒu used to compare two things 多有一
148 60 yǒu used in a polite formula before certain verbs 多有一
149 60 yǒu used before the names of dynasties 多有一
150 60 yǒu a certain thing; what exists 多有一
151 60 yǒu multiple of ten and ... 多有一
152 60 yǒu abundant 多有一
153 60 yǒu purposeful 多有一
154 60 yǒu You 多有一
155 60 yǒu 1. existence; 2. becoming 多有一
156 60 yǒu becoming; bhava 多有一
157 59 no 十無作真心
158 59 Kangxi radical 71 十無作真心
159 59 to not have; without 十無作真心
160 59 has not yet 十無作真心
161 59 mo 十無作真心
162 59 do not 十無作真心
163 59 not; -less; un- 十無作真心
164 59 regardless of 十無作真心
165 59 to not have 十無作真心
166 59 um 十無作真心
167 59 Wu 十無作真心
168 59 Non-; ; *Prefix denoting negation or absence, e.g. non-regression. 十無作真心
169 59 not; non- 十無作真心
170 59 mo 十無作真心
171 58 so as to; in order to 以有力
172 58 to use; to regard as 以有力
173 58 to use; to grasp 以有力
174 58 according to 以有力
175 58 because of 以有力
176 58 on a certain date 以有力
177 58 and; as well as 以有力
178 58 to rely on 以有力
179 58 to regard 以有力
180 58 to be able to 以有力
181 58 to order; to command 以有力
182 58 further; moreover 以有力
183 58 used after a verb 以有力
184 58 very 以有力
185 58 already 以有力
186 58 increasingly 以有力
187 58 a reason; a cause 以有力
188 58 Israel 以有力
189 58 Yi 以有力
190 58 use; yogena 以有力
191 57 promptly; right away; immediately 三即眾
192 57 to be near by; to be close to 三即眾
193 57 at that time 三即眾
194 57 to be exactly the same as; to be thus 三即眾
195 57 supposed; so-called 三即眾
196 57 if; but 三即眾
197 57 to arrive at; to ascend 三即眾
198 57 then; following 三即眾
199 57 so; just so; eva 三即眾
200 57 this; these 亦非此會處處到也
201 57 in this way 亦非此會處處到也
202 57 otherwise; but; however; so 亦非此會處處到也
203 57 at this time; now; here 亦非此會處處到也
204 57 this; here; etad 亦非此會處處到也
205 49 shì is; are; am; to be 如何是自在出生無礙之力
206 49 shì is exactly 如何是自在出生無礙之力
207 49 shì is suitable; is in contrast 如何是自在出生無礙之力
208 49 shì this; that; those 如何是自在出生無礙之力
209 49 shì really; certainly 如何是自在出生無礙之力
210 49 shì correct; yes; affirmative 如何是自在出生無礙之力
211 49 shì true 如何是自在出生無礙之力
212 49 shì is; has; exists 如何是自在出生無礙之力
213 49 shì used between repetitions of a word 如何是自在出生無礙之力
214 49 shì a matter; an affair 如何是自在出生無礙之力
215 49 shì Shi 如何是自在出生無礙之力
216 49 shì is; bhū 如何是自在出生無礙之力
217 49 shì this; idam 如何是自在出生無礙之力
218 45 wèi for; to 互為本末
219 45 wèi because of 互為本末
220 45 wéi to act as; to serve 互為本末
221 45 wéi to change into; to become 互為本末
222 45 wéi to be; is 互為本末
223 45 wéi to do 互為本末
224 45 wèi for 互為本末
225 45 wèi because of; for; to 互為本末
226 45 wèi to 互為本末
227 45 wéi in a passive construction 互為本末
228 45 wéi forming a rehetorical question 互為本末
229 45 wéi forming an adverb 互為本末
230 45 wéi to add emphasis 互為本末
231 45 wèi to support; to help 互為本末
232 45 wéi to govern 互為本末
233 45 wèi to be; bhū 互為本末
234 44 meaning; sense 總有十義
235 44 justice; right action; righteousness 總有十義
236 44 artificial; man-made; fake 總有十義
237 44 chivalry; generosity 總有十義
238 44 just; righteous 總有十義
239 44 adopted 總有十義
240 44 a relationship 總有十義
241 44 volunteer 總有十義
242 44 something suitable 總有十義
243 44 a martyr 總有十義
244 44 a law 總有十義
245 44 Yi 總有十義
246 44 Righteousness 總有十義
247 44 aim; artha 總有十義
248 44 duō over; indicates a number greater than the number preceding it 一多相持
249 44 duó many; much 一多相持
250 44 duō more 一多相持
251 44 duō an unspecified extent 一多相持
252 44 duō used in exclamations 一多相持
253 44 duō excessive 一多相持
254 44 duō to what extent 一多相持
255 44 duō abundant 一多相持
256 44 duō to multiply; to acrue 一多相持
257 44 duō mostly 一多相持
258 44 duō simply; merely 一多相持
259 44 duō frequently 一多相持
260 44 duō very 一多相持
261 44 duō Duo 一多相持
262 44 duō ta 一多相持
263 44 duō many; bahu 一多相持
264 43 ruò to seem; to be like; as 若兩鏡相入
265 43 ruò seemingly 若兩鏡相入
266 43 ruò if 若兩鏡相入
267 43 ruò you 若兩鏡相入
268 43 ruò this; that 若兩鏡相入
269 43 ruò and; or 若兩鏡相入
270 43 ruò as for; pertaining to 若兩鏡相入
271 43 pomegranite 若兩鏡相入
272 43 ruò to choose 若兩鏡相入
273 43 ruò to agree; to accord with; to conform to 若兩鏡相入
274 43 ruò thus 若兩鏡相入
275 43 ruò pollia 若兩鏡相入
276 43 ruò Ruo 若兩鏡相入
277 43 ruò only then 若兩鏡相入
278 43 ja 若兩鏡相入
279 43 jñā 若兩鏡相入
280 43 ruò if; yadi 若兩鏡相入
281 43 suǒ measure word for houses, small buildings and institutions 所現力
282 43 suǒ an office; an institute 所現力
283 43 suǒ introduces a relative clause 所現力
284 43 suǒ it 所現力
285 43 suǒ if; supposing 所現力
286 43 suǒ a few; various; some 所現力
287 43 suǒ a place; a location 所現力
288 43 suǒ indicates a passive voice 所現力
289 43 suǒ that which 所現力
290 43 suǒ an ordinal number 所現力
291 43 suǒ meaning 所現力
292 43 suǒ garrison 所現力
293 43 suǒ place; pradeśa 所現力
294 43 suǒ that which; yad 所現力
295 40 néng can; able 能遍
296 40 néng ability; capacity 能遍
297 40 néng a mythical bear-like beast 能遍
298 40 néng energy 能遍
299 40 néng function; use 能遍
300 40 néng may; should; permitted to 能遍
301 40 néng talent 能遍
302 40 néng expert at 能遍
303 40 néng to be in harmony 能遍
304 40 néng to tend to; to care for 能遍
305 40 néng to reach; to arrive at 能遍
306 40 néng as long as; only 能遍
307 40 néng even if 能遍
308 40 néng but 能遍
309 40 néng in this way 能遍
310 40 néng to be able; śak 能遍
311 40 néng skilful; pravīṇa 能遍
312 40 fēi not; non-; un- 不可言非一非非一
313 40 fēi Kangxi radical 175 不可言非一非非一
314 40 fēi wrong; bad; untruthful 不可言非一非非一
315 40 fēi different 不可言非一非非一
316 40 fēi to not be; to not have 不可言非一非非一
317 40 fēi to violate; to be contrary to 不可言非一非非一
318 40 fēi Africa 不可言非一非非一
319 40 fēi to slander 不可言非一非非一
320 40 fěi to avoid 不可言非一非非一
321 40 fēi must 不可言非一非非一
322 40 fēi an error 不可言非一非非一
323 40 fēi a problem; a question 不可言非一非非一
324 40 fēi evil 不可言非一非非一
325 40 fēi besides; except; unless 不可言非一非非一
326 40 fēi not 不可言非一非非一
327 40 ér and; as well as; but (not); yet (not) 即多而唯多
328 40 ér Kangxi radical 126 即多而唯多
329 40 ér you 即多而唯多
330 40 ér not only ... but also ....; ... as well as ...; moreover; in addition; furthermore 即多而唯多
331 40 ér right away; then 即多而唯多
332 40 ér but; yet; however; while; nevertheless 即多而唯多
333 40 ér if; in case; in the event that 即多而唯多
334 40 ér therefore; as a result; thus 即多而唯多
335 40 ér how can it be that? 即多而唯多
336 40 ér so as to 即多而唯多
337 40 ér only then 即多而唯多
338 40 ér as if; to seem like 即多而唯多
339 40 néng can; able 即多而唯多
340 40 ér whiskers on the cheeks; sideburns 即多而唯多
341 40 ér me 即多而唯多
342 40 ér to arrive; up to 即多而唯多
343 40 ér possessive 即多而唯多
344 40 ér and; ca 即多而唯多
345 39 that; those 是故彼一切
346 39 another; the other 是故彼一切
347 39 that; tad 是故彼一切
348 36 jiē all; each and every; in all cases 皆無體用
349 36 jiē same; equally 皆無體用
350 36 jiē all; sarva 皆無體用
351 36 jìng clean 得能淨一切行
352 36 jìng no surplus; net 得能淨一切行
353 36 jìng only 得能淨一切行
354 36 jìng pure 得能淨一切行
355 36 jìng tranquil 得能淨一切行
356 36 jìng cold 得能淨一切行
357 36 jìng to wash; to clense 得能淨一切行
358 36 jìng role of hero 得能淨一切行
359 36 jìng completely 得能淨一切行
360 36 jìng to remove sexual desire 得能淨一切行
361 36 jìng bright and clean; luminous 得能淨一切行
362 36 jìng clean; pure 得能淨一切行
363 36 jìng cleanse 得能淨一切行
364 36 jìng cleanse 得能淨一切行
365 36 jìng Pure 得能淨一切行
366 36 jìng vyavadāna; purification; cleansing 得能淨一切行
367 36 jìng śuddha; cleansed; clean; pure 得能淨一切行
368 36 jìng viśuddhi; purity 得能淨一切行
369 35 in; at 於行住坐臥
370 35 in; at 於行住坐臥
371 35 in; at; to; from 於行住坐臥
372 35 to go; to 於行住坐臥
373 35 to rely on; to depend on 於行住坐臥
374 35 to go to; to arrive at 於行住坐臥
375 35 from 於行住坐臥
376 35 give 於行住坐臥
377 35 oppposing 於行住坐臥
378 35 and 於行住坐臥
379 35 compared to 於行住坐臥
380 35 by 於行住坐臥
381 35 and; as well as 於行住坐臥
382 35 for 於行住坐臥
383 35 Yu 於行住坐臥
384 35 a crow 於行住坐臥
385 35 whew; wow 於行住坐臥
386 35 near to; antike 於行住坐臥
387 35 to enter 以異體相入
388 35 Kangxi radical 11 以異體相入
389 35 radical 以異體相入
390 35 income 以異體相入
391 35 to conform with 以異體相入
392 35 to descend 以異體相入
393 35 the entering tone 以異體相入
394 35 to pay 以異體相入
395 35 to join 以異體相入
396 35 entering; praveśa 以異體相入
397 35 entered; attained; āpanna 以異體相入
398 35 method; way 八如幻法生力
399 35 France 八如幻法生力
400 35 the law; rules; regulations 八如幻法生力
401 35 the teachings of the Buddha; Dharma 八如幻法生力
402 35 a standard; a norm 八如幻法生力
403 35 an institution 八如幻法生力
404 35 to emulate 八如幻法生力
405 35 magic; a magic trick 八如幻法生力
406 35 punishment 八如幻法生力
407 35 Fa 八如幻法生力
408 35 a precedent 八如幻法生力
409 35 a classification of some kinds of Han texts 八如幻法生力
410 35 relating to a ceremony or rite 八如幻法生力
411 35 Dharma 八如幻法生力
412 35 the teachings of the Buddha; Dharma; Dhárma 八如幻法生力
413 35 a dharma; a dhárma; a natural law; teachings 八如幻法生力
414 35 a mental object; a phenomenon; dharma; a thought 八如幻法生力
415 35 quality; characteristic 八如幻法生力
416 34 xiāng each other; one another; mutually 各相資無礙故
417 34 xiàng to observe; to assess 各相資無礙故
418 34 xiàng appearance; portrait; picture 各相資無礙故
419 34 xiàng countenance; personage; character; disposition 各相資無礙故
420 34 xiàng to aid; to help 各相資無礙故
421 34 xiāng a chancellor; a prime minister; a high minister 各相資無礙故
422 34 xiàng a sign; a mark; appearance 各相資無礙故
423 34 xiāng alternately; in turn 各相資無礙故
424 34 xiāng Xiang 各相資無礙故
425 34 xiāng form substance 各相資無礙故
426 34 xiāng to express 各相資無礙故
427 34 xiàng to choose 各相資無礙故
428 34 xiāng Xiang 各相資無礙故
429 34 xiāng an ancient musical instrument 各相資無礙故
430 34 xiāng the seventh lunar month 各相資無礙故
431 34 xiāng to compare 各相資無礙故
432 34 xiàng to divine 各相資無礙故
433 34 xiàng to administer 各相資無礙故
434 34 xiàng helper for a blind person 各相資無礙故
435 34 xiāng rhythm [music] 各相資無礙故
436 34 xiāng the upper frets of a pipa 各相資無礙故
437 34 xiāng coralwood 各相資無礙故
438 34 xiàng ministry 各相資無礙故
439 34 xiàng to supplement; to enhance 各相資無礙故
440 34 xiàng lakṣaṇa; quality; characteristic 各相資無礙故
441 34 xiàng a sign; a mark; appearance; nimitta; rūpa 各相資無礙故
442 34 xiàng sign; mark; liṅga 各相資無礙故
443 34 xiàng a perception; cognition; conceptualization; a notion 各相資無礙故
444 34 wèi to call 謂大法界中緣起法海
445 34 wèi to discuss; to comment on; to speak of; to tell about 謂大法界中緣起法海
446 34 wèi to speak to; to address 謂大法界中緣起法海
447 34 wèi to treat as; to regard as 謂大法界中緣起法海
448 34 wèi introducing a condition situation 謂大法界中緣起法海
449 34 wèi to speak to; to address 謂大法界中緣起法海
450 34 wèi to think 謂大法界中緣起法海
451 34 wèi for; is to be 謂大法界中緣起法海
452 34 wèi to make; to cause 謂大法界中緣起法海
453 34 wèi and 謂大法界中緣起法海
454 34 wèi principle; reason 謂大法界中緣起法海
455 34 wèi Wei 謂大法界中緣起法海
456 34 wèi which; what; yad 謂大法界中緣起法海
457 34 wèi to say; iti 謂大法界中緣起法海
458 34 yòu again; also 又總具十力
459 34 yòu expresses the existence of simultaneous conditions 又總具十力
460 34 yòu Kangxi radical 29 又總具十力
461 34 yòu and 又總具十力
462 34 yòu furthermore 又總具十力
463 34 yòu in addition 又總具十力
464 34 yòu but 又總具十力
465 34 yòu again; also; moreover; punar 又總具十力
466 32 zhū all; many; various 不可說不可說諸
467 32 zhū Zhu 不可說不可說諸
468 32 zhū all; members of the class 不可說不可說諸
469 32 zhū interrogative particle 不可說不可說諸
470 32 zhū him; her; them; it 不可說不可說諸
471 32 zhū of; in 不可說不可說諸
472 32 zhū all; many; sarva 不可說不可說諸
473 32 also; too 一亦無有多
474 32 but 一亦無有多
475 32 this; he; she 一亦無有多
476 32 although; even though 一亦無有多
477 32 already 一亦無有多
478 32 particle with no meaning 一亦無有多
479 32 Yi 一亦無有多
480 31 zhào to illuminate; to shine 光明顯照
481 31 zhào according to; in accordance with 光明顯照
482 31 zhào to photograph 光明顯照
483 31 zhào to reflect 光明顯照
484 31 zhào a photograph; an image 光明顯照
485 31 zhào to take care of; to look after 光明顯照
486 31 zhào to contrast; to compare 光明顯照
487 31 zhào a permit; a license 光明顯照
488 31 zhào to understand 光明顯照
489 31 zhào to inform; to notify 光明顯照
490 31 zhào towards 光明顯照
491 31 zhào a ray of light 光明顯照
492 31 zhào to inspect 光明顯照
493 31 zhào sunlight 光明顯照
494 31 zhào shine; jval 光明顯照
495 30 xīn heart [organ] 心將緣而慮息
496 30 xīn Kangxi radical 61 心將緣而慮息
497 30 xīn mind; consciousness 心將緣而慮息
498 30 xīn the center; the core; the middle 心將緣而慮息
499 30 xīn one of the 28 star constellations 心將緣而慮息
500 30 xīn heart 心將緣而慮息

Keywords

Top keywords ordered by frequency in comparison to occurrence across the entire corpus

Simplified Traditional Pinyin English
therefore; tasmāt
jìng mirror; ādarśa
one; eka
zhōng middle
no; na
zhě ca
  1. Thus
  2. thus; tathā
  3. like; iva
  4. suchness; tathatā
  1. xiàn
  2. xiàn
  3. xiàn
  1. to manifest; prādur
  2. to manifest; prādur
  3. the present time
  1. yún
  2. yún
  1. cloud; megha
  2. to say; iti
一切
  1. yīqiè
  2. yīqiè
  1. all, everything
  2. all; sarva

People, places

and other proper nouns

Simplified Traditional Pinyin English
百劫 98 Baijie
大法炬陀罗尼经 大法炬陀羅尼經 100 Scripture on the Great Dharma Torch Dhāranī; Da Fa Ju Tuoluoni Jing
大教王经 大教王經 100 Da Jiao Wang Jing
大涅盘 大涅槃 100
  1. Great Nirvana
  2. Mahaparinirvana
大涅槃经 大涅槃經 100 Mahaparinirvana Sutra
大品 100 Pancavimsati Sahasrika Prajnaparamita Sutra
大乘 100
  1. Mahayana
  2. Mahayana Buddhism; Mahāyāna; Mahāyāna Buddhism
  3. Mahayana; Great Vehicle
大乘起信论 大乘起信論 100 Treatise on the Awakening of Faith in the Mahāyāna; Dasheng Qixin Lun
定边 定邊 100 Dingbian
地狱 地獄 100
  1. a hell
  2. hell
  3. Hell; Hell Realms; Naraka
都监 都監 100
  1. Executive
  2. Executive
法华经 法華經 102 Lotus Sutra; Lotus Sūtra
法轮 法輪 102
  1. Dharma wheel
  2. Dharma wheel; dharmacakra
  3. Pomnyun
法融 102 Farong
法身 70
  1. Dharma body
  2. Dharma Body
法相宗 102
  1. Faxiang School
  2. Hossō School
法性 102 dharma nature; inherent nature; essence; true nature; dharmata
佛地经 佛地經 102 Buddhabhūmi; Fo Di Jing
佛法 102
  1. Dharma; Dhamma; Buddha-Dhárma; Buddhist doctrine
  2. the power of the Buddha
  3. Buddha's Teaching
  4. Dharma; Buddha-Dhárma
广明 廣明 103 Guangming
河池 104 Hechi
华中 華中 104 Central China
黄河 黃河 104 Yellow River
华严 華嚴 104 Avataṃsaka sūtra; Flower Garland Sutra; Flower Adornment Sutra
华严经 華嚴經 72
  1. Avatamsaka Sutra
  2. Avatamsaka Sutra; Avataṃsaka Sūtra; Flower Garland Sutra; Flower Adornment Sutra
华严宗 華嚴宗 104 Huayan School; Huayan zong
慧日 104
  1. to have illuminating wisdom like the Buddha
  2. Huiri
  3. Huiri
憍尸迦 106 Sakra; Sakka; Śakra Devānām Indra; Kauśika
究竟一乘宝性论 究竟一乘寶性論 106 Ratnagotravibhāga; Uttaratantra
九如 106 Chiuju
九天 106 Ninth Heaven
觉世 覺世 106 Awakening the World Periodical
空也 107 Kūya
楞伽经 楞伽經 108 Lankavatara Sutra
龙宫 龍宮 108 Palace of the Dragon King
妙德 109 Wonderful Virtue
摩诃衍 摩訶衍 77
  1. Mahayana
  2. Mahāyāna; Mahayana; the Great Vehicle
  3. Mahayana [monk]
涅槃 110
  1. Nirvana
  2. nirvana
  3. Final Nirvana; Nirvana; Nirvāṇa; Nibbāna
普贤观经 普賢觀經 112 Samantabhadra Sutra
起信论 起信論 81 Treatise on the Awakening of Faith in the Mahāyāna; Dasheng Qixin Lun
起信疏 113 Commentary on the Treatise on the Awakening of Faith
千钵经 千鉢經 113 Thousand Bowl Sutra
113
  1. Shaanxi
  2. Qin Dynasty
  3. State of Qin
  4. Qin
  5. the Chinese; cīna
仁王经 仁王經 114 Renwang Jing; Scripture for Humane Kings
如来 如來 114
  1. Tathagata
  2. Tathagata
  3. Thus-Come (tathagata); Tathāgata; Thus Come One
善财童子 善財童子 115 Sudhana
善财 善財 83
  1. Sudhana
  2. Sudhana
上清 115 Shangqing; Supreme Clarity
舍利弗 115 Sariputra; Sariputta
石虎 115 Shi Hu
释摩诃衍论 釋摩訶衍論 115 Shi Moheyan Lun
时婆 時婆 115 jīvaka
世尊 115
  1. World-Honored One
  2. World-Honored One; Bhagavat; lokanātha
思益经 思益經 115 Brahmaviśeṣacintīparipṛcchā sūtra
太山 116 Taishan
太宗 116
  1. Emperor Taizong
  2. Tai Zong; Minister of Rites
唐朝 116 Tang Dynasty
天宫 天宮 116
  1. Heavenly Palace; Temple in Heaven; Open Palace
  2. celestial palace
  3. Indra's palace
天台 116 Tiantai; T'ien-tai
文殊 87
  1. Manjusri
  2. Manjusri
文殊师利 文殊師利 119 Mañjuśrī; Manjushri; Manjusri
无诸 無諸 119 Wu Zhu
相宗 120 Faxiang School; Ci'en School; Dharmalaksana School
咸通 120 Xiantong
延寿 延壽 121 Yan Shou
因陀罗 因陀羅 121 Indra
永明 121 Yongming
湛然 122 Zhanran; Chan-Jan
真智 122 Zhen Zhi
真法性 122 inherent nature; essence; true nature; dharmatā
智觉禅师 智覺禪師 122 Chan Master Zhijue; State Preceptor Zhongfeng
中论 中論 122 Mūlamadhyamakakārikā; Fundamental Verses on the Middle Way; Knowledge of the Middle Way; Mulamadhyamakakarika; madhyamakasastra
中说 中說 122 Zhong Shuo
庄子 莊子 90 Zhuang Zi
宗镜 宗鏡 122 Zong Jing
宗镜录 宗鏡錄 122 Zongjing Lu; Records of the Mirror of the Source; Record of Reflections of the Essential Truth

Glossary

Buddhist terminology, except the proper nouns listed above. Number of terms: 310.

Simplified Traditional Pinyin English
安立 196
  1. to establish; to find a place for; to help settle down; to arrange for
  2. to begin to speak
阿僧只 阿僧祇 196
  1. asamkhya
  2. asamkhyeya
  3. asamkhya; innumerable
宝镜 寶鏡 98 jeweled mirror
本觉 本覺 98 original enlightenment; intrinsic enlightenment; inherent enlightenment
遍处 遍處 98 kasina
遍照 98
  1. to illuminate everywhere
  2. shinging everywhere; vairocana
  3. Vairocana
别教 別教 98 separate teachings
般若 98
  1. Prajna Wisdom
  2. prajna
  3. prajna; prajñā; paññā; great wisdom
  4. Prajñā
不可坏 不可壞 98 cannot be diverted; asaṃhārya
不可说 不可說 98
  1. inexplicable
  2. cannot be described
不空 98
  1. unerring; amogha
  2. Amoghavajra
不思议 不思議 98
  1. inconceivable
  2. inconceivable
不异 不異 98 not different
不生 98
  1. nonarising; not produced; without origination; anutpada
  2. nonarising; anutpāda
禅定 禪定 99
  1. meditative concentration
  2. meditative concentration; meditation
  3. to meditate
常住一心 99 dwelling eternally in single mindedness
常住 99
  1. monastery
  2. Permanence
  3. a long-term resident at a monastery
  4. permanence; eternalism; śāśvata; nitya-sthita
尘数 塵數 99 as numerous as dust particles
成佛 99
  1. Attaining Buddhahood
  2. to become a Buddha
成坏 成壞 99 arising and dissolution
尘累 塵累 99 the burden of mental affliction; the karmic burden of defilements
出离 出離 99
  1. renunciation, transcendence
  2. to leave; to transcend the mundane world
出世间 出世間 99 transcendental world; lokottara
处中 處中 99 to abide in the media that transcends existence and non-existence; madyama
大愿 大願 100 a great vow
大圆镜智 大圓鏡智 100
  1. Great Perfect Mirror Wisdom
  2. perfect mirrorlike wisdom; ādarśajñāna
大藏 100 Buddhist canon
大种 大種 100 the four great seeds; the four great elements; mahābhūta
大悲 100 mahākaruṇā; great compassion
大乘经 大乘經 100 Mahāyāna sutras
得道 100 to attain enlightenment
得究竟 100 attain; prāpnoti
等观 等觀 100 to view all things equally
地水火风 地水火風 100 Earth, Water, Fire and Wind
第八识 第八識 100 eighth consciousness; ālayavijñāna
谛观 諦觀 100
  1. to observe closely
  2. Chegwan
地轮 地輪 100 earth wheel
钝根 鈍根 100
  1. dull aptitude
  2. dull ability
恶趣 惡趣 195 an evil rebirth; an evil destiny; an unfortunate rebirth; hell
二法 195
  1. two dharmas; two kinds of dharma
  2. dichotomy
二空 195 two types of emptiness
二三 195 six non-Buddhist philosophers
二乘 195 the two vehicles
二种 二種 195 two kinds
二义 二義 195 the two meanings; the two explanations; two teachings
法出离镜 法出離鏡 102 a mirror free from defiled objects
法尔 法爾 102 the nature of phenonema
法界 102
  1. Dharma Realm
  2. a dharma realm; dharmadhatu
  3. tathatā; suchness; inherent nature; true nature; tathata
法门 法門 102
  1. Dharma gate
  2. dharmaparyāya; dharma gate; a way of teaching the Dharma; a Buddhist teaching; a Dharma door
凡圣 凡聖 102
  1. Ordinary and Sagely
  2. the ordinary and the divine
放大光明 102 diffusion of great light
方便力 102 the power of skillful means
方等 102 vaipulya; vaidalya; vast; extended
烦恼习 煩惱習 102 latent tendencies; predisposition
法应 法應 102 Dharmakāya offers all an opportunity
非有 102 does not exist; is not real
分位 102 time and position
佛菩萨 佛菩薩 102 Buddhas and bodhisattvas
佛刹 佛剎 102
  1. Buddhakṣetra; a Buddha field; a Buddha land
  2. a Buddhist pillar
  3. temple; monastery
佛言 102
  1. the Buddha said
  2. buddhavacana; the teachings of the Buddha
佛智 102 Buddha knowledge; Buddha wisdom
福德 102
  1. Fortune and Virtue
  2. Merit and Virtue
  3. merit earned; reward; good fortune and good moral conduct
福田 102
  1. field of merit
  2. field of blessing
根本无明 根本無明 103 innate nonenlightenment; basic ignorance
恭敬供养 恭敬供養 103 honored
古佛 103 former Buddhas
故经云 故經云 103 thus, the sutra says
观门 觀門 103 the gate of contemplation
广照 廣照 103
  1. wide illumination
  2. Guang Zhao
广大无边 廣大無邊 103 infinite
果报 果報 103 fruition; the result of karma
恒河沙 恆河沙 104
  1. Sands of the Ganges
  2. grains of sand in the Ganges River; innumerable
  3. the sand of the River Ganges; as numerous as grains of sand in the River Ganges
华藏 華藏 104 lotus-treasury
华香 華香 104 incense and flowers
坏相 壞相 104 state of destruction
幻师 幻師 104
  1. magician
  2. an illusionist; a conjurer
化仪 化儀 104 methods of conversion
慧日 104
  1. to have illuminating wisdom like the Buddha
  2. Huiri
  3. Huiri
迴向 104 to transfer merit; to dedicate; pariṇāmanā
寂光 106 calm and illuminating
见性 見性 106
  1. Seeing One's Nature
  2. to see one's true nature; to realize one's Buddha nature
见法 見法 106
  1. for a Dharma to manifest in the world
  2. to realize the impermanence and nonself of all dharmas
  3. to understand reality
交彻 交徹 106 interpermeate
积集 積集 106 saṃcaya; collection; gathering; accumulation; heap
境界相 106 world of objects; the external phenomenal world
净眼 淨眼 106
  1. pure eyes
  2. Vimalanetra
金刚心 金剛心 106
  1. Diamond heart
  2. adamantine-like mind
  3. adamantine-like concentration; vajropamasamādhi
净法界 淨法界 106 pure dharmadhātu; dharmadhātuviśuddhi
净业 淨業 106
  1. Pure Karma
  2. pure karma; good karma
卷第十 106 scroll 10
觉照 覺照 106 Awareness
具足 106
  1. Completeness
  2. complete; accomplished
  3. Purāṇa
空义 空義 107 emptiness; empty of meaning
空无 空無 107
  1. Emptiness
  2. śūnyatā; emptiness; emptiness of inherent existence
利乐 利樂 108 blessing and joy
利众生 利眾生 108 beneficial to the world
了知三世 108 knowing the past, present and future; trikālajña
利根 108 natural powers of intelligence
离垢 離垢 108
  1. Undefiled
  2. vimalā; stainless; immaculate
令众生 令眾生 108 lead sentient beings
六众 六眾 108 group of six monastics
罗门 羅門 108 Brahman
妙心 109 Wondrous Mind
灭尽定 滅盡定 109 the cessation of perception and sensation; nirodhasamāpatti
明心 109
  1. A Clear Mind
  2. an enlightened mind
名曰 109 to be named; to be called
摩尼 109 mani; jewel
摩尼宝 摩尼寶 109
  1. Mani Pearl
  2. mani-jewel
  3. mani jewel
牟尼 109 a saint; a sage; a seer; muni
能所 110 ability to transform and transformable
念念 110 thought after thought; successive moments of thought
菩萨界 菩薩界 80 The Realm of Bodhisattvas
菩萨行 菩薩行 112 bodhisattva-caryā; bodhisattva-carita; bodhisattva practice; actions of bodhisattvas
普现 普現 112 universal manifestation
普贤行 普賢行 112 the practice of Samantabhadra
器世间 器世間 113 the material world; the world of living beings; bhajanaloka
取着 取著 113 grasping; attachment
染法 114 kleśa; mental affliction
染净 染淨 114 impure and pure dharmas
人法 114 people and dharmas; people and teachings
融通 114
  1. Interpenetrative
  2. to blend; to combine; to mix; to
  3. Rongtong
柔软心 柔軟心 114 gentle and soft mind
汝等 114 you [plural]; yuṣma; yūyam
如法 114 In Accord With
入法界 114 to enter in the dharma realm; to perceive the dharma realm through meditation
入佛 114 to bring an image of a Buddha
如镜中像 如鏡中像 114 like reflections in a mirror
如理 114 principle of suchness
如梦 如夢 114 like in a dream
如是如是 114 Thus Is, Thus Is
如来弟子 如來弟子 114 the Tathāgata's disciples
如来藏 如來藏 82
  1. Tathagatagarbha
  2. Buddha-nature; Buddha-dhatu; Buddha Principle; Tathāgatagarbha
  3. tathatā; suchness; inherent nature; true nature; tathata
如如 114
  1. Thusness
  2. tathatā; suchness; inherent nature; true nature
如实 如實 114
  1. according to reality
  2. in accordance with fact; truly; yathābhūtam
  3. suchness; inherent nature; true nature; tathata
如实不空 如實不空 114 true not empty
如实空 如實空 114 true emptiness
如实空镜 如實空鏡 114 a mirror that is empty of images
三德 115
  1. three virtues
  2. three modes of nature; three guṇas
三句 115 three questions
三世 115
  1. Three Periods of Time
  2. three time periods; past, present, and future
三世间 三世間 115 Three Continuums
三观 三觀 115 sanguan; threefold contemplation; three insights
三昧 115
  1. samadhi
  2. samādhi; concentrated meditation; mental concentration
三智 115 three kinds of wisdom
色身 115
  1. Physical Body
  2. the physical body; rupakaya
善恶 善惡 115
  1. good and evil
  2. good and evil
善见 善見 115 good for seeing; beautiful
善男子 115
  1. good men
  2. a good man; a son of a noble family
善根 115
  1. Wholesome Roots
  2. virtuous roots; wholesome roots; kuśalamūla
善根力 115 power of wholesome roots
善巧 115
  1. Skillful
  2. virtuous and clever; skilful
摄一切法 攝一切法 115 embraces all dharmas
摄持 攝持 115
  1. parigraha; to protect; to uphold; to take proper care
  2. grasping; saṃgraha
舍离 捨離 115 to abandon; to give up; to depart; to leave
深义 深義 115 deep meaning
胜处 勝處 115 abode of superiority; station of mastery; abhibhāyatana
圣性 聖性 115 divine nature
胜解 勝解 115 resolution; determination; adhimokṣa; adhimoksa
生灭 生滅 115
  1. arising and ceasing
  2. life and death
生起 115 cause; arising
什深 甚深 115 very profound; what is deep
十方三世 115 Ten Directions and Three Periods of Time
十力 115 the ten powers of the Buddha; daśabala
十门 十門 115 ten gates
十方 115
  1. The Ten Directions
  2. the ten directions
实义 實義 115 true meaning; true doctrine
实有 實有 115 absolute reality; substantial unchanging existence; something truly existing
实智 實智 115
  1. knowledge of reality
  2. true wisdom
实法 實法 115 true teachings
世间法 世間法 115
  1. Worldly Rules
  2. world law; lokadharma; lokadhamma
示现 示現 115
  1. Manifestation
  2. to manifest
  3. to manifest; to display
受持 115
  1. uphold
  2. to accept and maintain faith; to uphold
四法 115 the four aspects of the Dharma
四威仪 四威儀 115 Four Kinds of Comportment; four comportments
寺主 115 temple director; head of monastery
随缘 隨緣 115
  1. Follow Conditions
  2. to accord with conditions
  3. to act in accordance with causes and conditions
随宜 隨宜 115 acting according to people's needs; acting in accordance with the circumstances
所以者何 115 Why is that?
所知障 115
  1. cognitive hindrance
  2. cognitive obstructions
调伏 調伏 116
  1. to subdue
  2. tame; to mediate between physical, verbal, and mental karma and overcome evil
体性 體性 116 svabhāva; intrinsic nature; original nature; intrinsic existence; essential nature
体用 體用 116
  1. Essence and Influence
  2. the substance of an entity
兔角 116 rabbit's horns
陀罗尼 陀羅尼 116
  1. Dharani
  2. dharani
外境界 119 external realm
外入 119 external sense organs
万法 萬法 119 myriad phenomena; all things
妄念 119
  1. Delusive Thoughts
  2. false thoughts; deluded thoughts
妄法 119 delusion
微尘数 微塵數 119 as numerous as atoms
唯心 119 cittamātra; mind-only
我所 119
  1. my; mama
  2. conception of possession; mamakāra
无二 無二 119 advaya; nonduality; not two
无障碍 無障礙 119
  1. without obstruction
  2. Asaṅga
无垢 無垢 119
  1. No Impurity
  2. vimalā; nirmala; stainless; immaculate
无尽藏 無盡藏 119
  1. Boundless Treasure
  2. inexhaustible storehouse
  3. an inexhaustible treasury
无量光明 無量光明 119 boundless light
无量众生 無量眾生 119 innumerable beings
无漏 無漏 119
  1. Untainted
  2. having no passion or delusion; anasrava
无染 無染 119 undefiled
悟入 119 comprehend; experiential understanding of the truth; to understand reality; to perceive through meditation
无上菩提 無上菩提 119
  1. Supreme Bodhi
  2. samyaksaṃbodhi; unsurpassed complete perfect enlightenment; supreme bodhi
无生 無生 119
  1. No-Birth
  2. anutpāda; unproduced; non-arising
无始 無始 119 without beginning
无体 無體 119 without essence
无性 無性 119
  1. niḥsvabhāva; no self-nature
  2. Asvabhāva
无余 無餘 119
  1. not excessive
  2. without remainder; niravasesa
无自性 無自性 119 niḥsvabhāva; no self-nature
戏论 戲論 120
  1. mental proliferation
  2. meaningless talk; frivolous discourse; mutual false praise; inflated conceptualization; hypostatization; prapañca
现识 現識 120 reproducing mind
贤首品 賢首品 120 first in goodness [chapter]
现法 現法 120 for a Dharma to manifest in the world
相分 120 an idea; a form
现示 現示 120 explicit; manifest
信根 120 faith; the root of faith
心净 心淨 120 A Pure Mind
心识 心識 120 mind and cognition
信受 120 to believe and accept
心想 120 thoughts of the mind; thought
行住坐卧 行住坐臥 120
  1. walking, standing, sitting, and lying down
  2. etiquette in the four postures
行解 120
  1. Practice and Understanding
  2. control of the mind and mental factors
  3. practice and understanding
性空 120 inherently empty; empty in nature
性相 120 inherent attributes
信解 120 resolution; determination; adhimukti
修善根 120 cultivate capacity for goodness
虚空等 虛空等 120 the same as empty space
熏习 熏習 120 vāsanā; permeation; infusing; perfuming; predispositions; habituations; latent tendencies
熏习义 熏習義 120 definition of permeation
严净 嚴淨 121 majestic and pure
业感 業感 121 karma and the result of karma
业缘 業緣 121
  1. Karmic Condition
  2. karmic conditions; karmic connections
夜叉 121 yaksa
夜神 121 nighttime spirits
一尘 一塵 121 a grain of dust; a single particle
一法 121 one dharma; one thing
一会 一會 121 one assembly; one meeting
一觉 一覺 121
  1. one realization
  2. Yi Jue
义门 義門 121 method of teaching; a way of seeking the truth
一念 121
  1. one thought
  2. one moment; one instant
  3. one thought
一切种智 一切種智 121 knowledge of all aspects; all embracing wisdom; sarvākārajñatā; sarvakarajnata
疑网 疑網 121 a web of doubt
义味 義味 121 flavor of the meaning
一异 一異 121 one and many
一真法界 121 The Dharma Realm of One Truth
依止 121
  1. to depend and rest upon
  2. to depend upon
伊帝目多伽 121 itivrttaka; stories of the disciples’ previous lives
亿劫 億劫 121 a kalpa
因熏习镜 因熏習鏡 121 a mirror influencing towards enlightenment
应观 應觀 121 may observe
应化身 應化身 121 nirmita; nirmānakaya
一切处 一切處 121
  1. all places; everywhere
  2. kasina
一切法 121
  1. all phenomena
  2. all dharmas; all things; sarvadharma
一切即一 121 all is one
一切苦 121 all difficulty
一切如来 一切如來 121 all Tathagatas
一切众生 一切眾生 121
  1. all sentient beings
  2. all beings
一三昧 121 single-minded samādhi
异生性 異生性 121 the disposition of an ordinary person
一实 一實 121 suchness; inherent nature; true nature; bhūtatathatā; tathatā; tathata
一中 121
  1. a hall of spread tables
  2. a hall with one seat
有何因缘 有何因緣 121 What are the causes and conditions?
有无 有無 121 existent and non-existent; having identity and emptiness
有相 121 having form
有法 121 something that exists
有言 121 speaker; orator; talkative; vaktṛ
缘起相由 緣起相由 121 with dependent origination, phenomena give rise to other phenomena
缘熏习镜 緣熏習鏡 121 a mirror influencing to cultivate to capacity for goodness
缘法 緣法 121 causes and conditions
愿力 願力 121
  1. Power of Vow
  2. the power of a vow
缘起 緣起 121
  1. Dependent Origination
  2. dependent origination; conditioned origination; dependent arising
缘起法 緣起法 121 law of dependent origination; law of dependent arising
圆融 圓融 121
  1. Perfect Harmony
  2. yuanrong; interdependence; consumate interfusion; interpenetration
缘中 緣中 121 the place at which the mind is centered
约法 約法 121 according to the Dharma; according to teachings
欲取 121 clinging to feelings of pleasure; kāma-upādāna
杂秽 雜穢 122 vulgar
杂染 雜染 122
  1. Polluted
  2. an affliction; a defilement
照见 照見 122 to look down upon
真法 122 true dharma; absolute dharma
真俗 122 absolute and conventional truth
正念 122
  1. Right Mindfulness
  2. right mindfulness
证法 證法 122 realization of the Dhama; practice of the Dharma; adhigamadharma
正觉 正覺 122 sambodhi; perfect enlightenment
正信 122
  1. Right Faith
  2. proper belief
正行 122 right action
证智 證智 122 experiential knowledge; realization; adhigamavābodha
真觉 真覺 122 true enlightenment
真如 122
  1. True Thusness
  2. suchness; true nature; tathata
真实义 真實義 122
  1. true meaning
  2. true meaning; principle
智碍 智礙 122 a cognitive obstruction
智光 122
  1. the light of wisdom
  2. Jñānaprabha
执着 執著 122
  1. attachment
  2. grasping
中道 122
  1. Middle Way
  2. the middle way
众生界 眾生界 122 the realm of living beings
众生世间 眾生世間 122 the world of living beings
众生心 眾生心 122 the minds of sentient beings
诸比丘 諸比丘 122 monks
诸法 諸法 122 all things; all dharmas
诸佛 諸佛 122 Buddhas; all Buddhas
诸世间 諸世間 122 worlds; all worlds
诸相 諸相 122 all appearances; all characteristics
诸缘 諸緣 122 karmic conditions
诸众生 諸眾生 122 all beings
庄严具 莊嚴具 122 adornment; ornament
住持 122
  1. 1. Abbot (male); 2. Abbess (female)
  2. the abbot of a monastery; the director of a monastery
  3. to uphold the Dharma
诸处 諸處 122 everywhere; sarvatra
自心 122 One's Mind
自在门 自在門 122 Gate of Liberation
自体 自體 122 oneself; ātmabhāva
自性 122
  1. Self-Nature
  2. intrinsic nature; original nature; essential nature; svabhava
  3. primordial matter; nature; prakṛti